| This series of picture cards is offered in the interest of education by Brooke Bond | PG Tips | African Wildlife


	01 GORILLA (Gorillagorilla) This largest of all the apes lives in the depths of the hot and steamy forests of Equatorial Africa. A fully grown male - when standing erect - may be between six and seven feet high - and his strength is prodigious. Females are smaller. They are vegetarians - and wander about the forest floor in small family groups - feeding during the day. At night the males make a nest of branches often on the ground - while the females and young make platform nests of branches in low trees. On the ground Gorillas progress on all fours. They are shy - and flee from the presence of man - but attack on provocation.
	02 MANTLED BABOON (Cynocephalus hamadryas) This dog-familyd monkey - with the cape of long hair - inhabits open country and rocky hills in Abyssinia and the Sudan. It is the baboon represented in the carvings and mural paintings of the ancient Egyptians and was held sacred by them - though there are no baboons in Egypt today. They wander about in troops which are dominated and disciplined by the large males - the very young riding on their mothers' backs like jockeys. They are chiefly vegetarians and do much damage to crops. They are bold in their forays and can be dangerous. Their chief enemy is the leopard.
	03 CHIMPANZEE - CHIMPANZEE (Pan troglodytes) An active - noisy intelligent ape which lives in family groups and communities in the forests of Western and Central Equatorial Africa. They feed on fruits - leaves - shoots and roots - and spend much of the day on the forest floor. However - each night new platform nests are built from leafy boughs among the branches - and none spend the night on the ground. Of all the apes and monkeys the skeleton of the Chimpanzee most nearly resembles that of man. Its powers of reasoning are considerable - and it is very teachable.
	04 MANDRILL (Papio sphinx) This is the largest and most grotesque of the baboons. The adult male - in addition to the gaudy colouring of his face - has naked red and purple patches on his buttocks. Mandrills - like other baboons - live in troops. The adult males are savage and powerful - and the devilish epxression of their countenance is a true indication of their nature. When really in a temper he develops patches of vivid blue on the chest and patches of bright red appear on wrists and ankles. Unlike other baboons Mandrills are forest dwellers - but they often come into the open and search stony places for insects and grubs. In the forest they eat fruit and bulbs. They inhabit the Cameroons - Gabon - and the Congo.
	05 PATAS MONKEY (Erythrocebus patas) This monkey which - like Sykes's monkey - belongs to the large family called Guenon is unlike them in that it inhabits open country and semi - desert - and is not a forest dweller . Because of its red coat it is sometimes called the' 'Hussar' monkey; and because sometimes troops of these monkeys move in ordered formation it is called the "Military" monkey. They live in companies and hunt the grasslands for their food - which consists chiefly of fruit - small animals and insects. They walk and run somewhat like dogs - and their hands and feet are adapted to their terrestrial existence. Their home is West and Central Africa.
	06 COLOBUS MONKEY (Colobus abyssinicus) This handsome monkey lives in the high forests of Abyssinia and Central East Africa. Its white cape and tail blend perfectly with the pale lichens which are pendant from the branches of its forest home. It is shy - silent - and aloof - going about its business and ignoring other creatures. In the mid - nineteenth century it was hunted for its "fur" - and many thousands were killed and its numbers decreased alarmingly. The black and white Colobus is one of a number belonging to the family called Guereza. "Colobus" is the Greek word for mutilated - and this refers to the fact that this monkey has the merest lump where the thumb should be. It is a vegetarian.
	07 SYKES'S MONKEY (Ceropitheous mitis kolbi) A typical member of the large family called Guenon - a dweller in the high forests of East Africa. The name "Guenon" is French and means . "one who grimaces" but it appears that Sykes's monkey is of a grave and sedate disposition - gentle in manner - and not so rowdy and irascible as most members of the Guenon family. It roams the forests in family parties or groups feeding on nuts - leaves - shoots and buds - and also insects. It was first brought to England by Colonel William Henry Sykes in 1831 - and was named after him.
	08 BUSHY - TAILED GalAGO (Galago crassicaudatus) This galago inhabits East Africa. It is about the size of a small cat - and is nocturnal in its habits - spending the day asleep among the foliage of mangrove and palm forests. It is very agile and makes great leaps from branch to branch. The 'fingers' and 'thumbs' of all four feet have Battened discs at their tips - these enabling it to grip smooth surfaces with ease. Its food consists of fruit - insects - small birds - and eggs. The large ears are extremely mobile - and can be turned and even folded at will.
	09 RINGED - TAILED LEMUR (Lemurcatta) The true lemurs are confined to the island of Madagascar and the adjacent Comoro Islands. The Ringed - tailed Lemur lives in south - western Madagascar. It is a ground - living animal - inhabiting dry rocky areas of few trees - and in this differs from other lemurs which are arboreal. It lives in small parties - is noisy - and most active at early morning and in the evening - taking a siesta during the heat of the day - and sleeping with its tail curled round its body at night. This lemur is almost vegetarian - living on fruits and roots - though some animal food such as young birds and reptiles may occasionally be taken. It is very agile and makes an interesting pet.
	10 LION (Panthero leo) The largest of the cat tribe in Africa. It is unique among cats in that the male grows a large mane. The female has no mane The young are spotted. Lions are found in many areas of Africa - especially where the animals which are their food abound. Chiefly they live on the plains and prey on antelopes - zebras - wart hogs - etc. They usually hunt at night and in parties - the male circling a herd of zebra or antelope to drive them in the direction of the waiting females. Often it is the female which makes the actual kill.
	11 CHEETAH (Acinonyx jubatus) In spite of its superficial resemblance to the leopard the Cheetah is not a true cat. In some ways it resembles a doge.g. it cannot fully retract its claws and its powers of speed are far greater than any cat's. It is probably the swiftest of all land animals - for it can run down a gazelle or an antelope. These animals - birds and small rodents are its food. It ranges widely throughout East Africa - and is partial to open hilly country - open tree country - or semi - desert. Like other predators it follows where its food leads.
	12 LEOPARD (Panthero pardus) This handsome cat ranges widely in Africa - and when provoked is considered more dangerous than the lion. It is almost as much at home in the trees as on the ground - and two of the principal items in its diet are monkeys and baboons. It is a scourge to African herdsmen - taking goats - calves - and dogs - especially dogs - which it kills at every opportunity. Its strength is amazing - and it will take the body of a victim much heavier than itself up into the branches of a tree with ease. Black leopards are sometimes found in Africa.
	13 CARACal (Felis caracal) This is the nearest approach to a lynx which Africa possesses. It is widely distributed over this continent and into Asia; in fact - the name "Caracal" is of Turkish origin. Like the lynxes it is savage - and possesses great speed It lives on small mammals and birds - and such is its agility that it can strike down birds even when they have sprung to wing. It is chiefly nocturnal in its hunting but will attack in broad daylight In size it stands about 17 inches at the shoulder
	14 GENET (Genetta) Genets are of wide distribution throughout Africa - nd one species extends northwards into Europe. They are beautifullittle animals - and measure - from the tip of their tail to the nose - about thirty six inches Genets haunt the jungle and forest and feed on small rodents - birds - and eggs. They are not popular with African farmers for they will raid the chicken pens. They climb well. When stalking their prey they are snake - like with their long thin body and tail pressed close to the ground. They are sometimes tamed - and are epxert mouse and rat catchers
	15 SERVal (Felis serval) The Serval is found over a very large part of Africa Its large ears - small head - long legs and short tail differentiate it from the true cats It lives in bush country and is chiefly a nocturnal hunter - preying on guinea - fowl - francolins - hares and rats. Sometimes small antelopes are its victims It stands about nineteen inches high at the shoulder. Its skin was - at one time - much in favour with native chiefs tor mantles - and even today its fur is used for that purpose by the European furriers.
	16 BANDED MONGOOSE (Crossarchus fasciatus) This Mongoose is a native of Eastern and Southern Africa - and lives in burrows - or holes under termite nests. Like other species of mongoose it is carnivorous - and hunts its prey on the ground - rarely climbing trees. It is active and bold - and feeds on small mammals - birds - reptiles - insects - eggs - and occasionally fruit. Mongooses are deadly enemies of snakes and - because of their speed and cunning - are usually the victors in their battles with these reptiles. Banded Mongooses live communally - several families occupying the same system of burrows.
	17 ZORILLA (Zorilla) Another name for this animal is tie Cape Polecat. In appearance it resembles a skunk and - like that animal - can eject an evil smelling fluid which even the lion respects Zorillas live in holes. They are rather slow - moving and are quite fearless - knowing full well that their smell is their protection. They feed on mice and rats - birds and their eggs - lizards and frogs - and - in inhabited districts - will destroy poultry. They are nocturnal and are ground hunters - and do not climb trees If forced to the water they can swim well.
	18 RATEL (Mellivora capensis capensis) This sturdy - badger like animal is found throughout Africa - but more particularly in the south and west of the continent. Its immensely strong fore - legs and claws enable it to dig - partly to house itself (for it lives in holes) - and also to tear out the nests of bees A small bird called the Honey - bird leads the Ratel to the bees and - while the animal is devouring the honey - the bird eats the larvae of the bees. The Ratel also feeds on insects and small mammals. Its courage is as sturdy as its body - and it will stand and fight.
	19 PORCUPINE (Hystrix galeata ambigua) A large and powerful rodent whose coat of hair has developed into quills - those on the back being long and stiff - and banded black and white - others are pliable and black. Porcupines are nocturnal - sleeping by day in holes and caves - and foraging for food - which may be of roots - fruit - bark and green vegetation - at night. In defending itself the Porcupine turns its back on its enemy and endeavours to leave some of its easily detachable quills in it. These cause painful and suppurating wounds.
	20 JUMPING HARE (Pedetes Gaffer) This curious rodent - about the size of an English hare - progresses by great leaps on its back legs when travelling fast - but otherwise potters about on all fours. It is a vegetarian - and is entirely nocturnal - lying up during the day in its burrow. Heavy flooding is the only circumstance which will move it from its burrow in the daytime. It lives in family groups - sometimes in colonies - in a labyrinth of burrows - usually made in arid and semi - desert ground. It is distributed through South Africa and northwards to Angola and Kenya.
	21 GROUND SQUIRREL (Euxerus erythropus fulvior) This squirrel is widely distributed through tropical Africa - and inhabits a variety of country from the forest edge to the margins of desert. Unlike its tree - haunting cousins it lives in burrows. Its food is mainly vegetarian and consists of roots - grass - seeds - etc. - although some insects are taken. It is diurnal in its hunting - and may often be seen running across roads. Its total length is about seventeen inches - of which eight inches is tail.
	22 ROCK HYRAX (Heterohyrax) This curious little animal is in a class alone - and its nearest relative is - of all animals - the elephant ! It lives in holes in rocky outcrops - hills and mountains - and usually in colonies. It is well adapted to life among rocks especially in the structure of his feet - which enables it to grip almost vertical surfaces. Hyraxes are vegetarians - are shy and retiring in their habits - but will turn and bite anything which molests them. They are very noisy - chattering and screaming loudly among themselves. They are the 'Coneys' of the Bible
	23 FENNEC FOX (Fennecus zerda) This pretty fox lives in the deserts of North and East Africa. It spends the daytime asleep in its burrow which it lines with feathers - hair - and soft vegetable material. At dusk it makes for the nearest waterhole - and - having quenched its thirst - begins to hunt for food which may be mice - insects - small birds - lizards - or fruits. The burrows are often linked together by passages. As might be epxected in an animal with such large ears - it is ever wary and alert - and - when the need arises - it can burrow at prodigious speed - and often escapes the hunter by this stratagem.
	24 AFRICAN HUNTING DOG (Lyeaon pietus) From Somaliland to the Cape the hunting dog may be found wherever there is game. It is dreaded by all the antelope tribe. It hunts in packs - and captures its victim by sheer relentless running - biting at haunches and flanks - and then at the throat before its prey goes down. Once the hunt is on it rarely abandons its chosen victim. Its colour is very variable - and no two are identical - though different localities tend to produce dogs of differing colour. As a rule it is nocturnal - but not invariably so It has a peculiar un - dog - like call.
	25 BLACK - BACKED JACKal (rhos aureus bea) The Black - backed Jackal is widely distributed through East and South Africa. It is a shy and wary creature and has many ways of obtaining food Often it will wait on until the lion has finished his meal - and will then move in with the vultures and take his fill When hunting for itself it preys on small antelopes - rats - mice - and insects. Sometimes jackals will hunt in packs - but are usually seen single or in pairs. They are chiefly nocturnal and - when on the prowl - they give vent to the most appalling and hair raising cries.
	26 SPOTTED HYENA (Crocuta crocuta) This hyena is found over most of Africa south of the Sahara. It is an uncouth beast of great strength - and can crack and demolish large bones with its powerful jaws. It is cowardly yet dangerous - and will attack anything that is weak or wounded - and it is also a scavenger. It has a peculiar gait which looks clumsy - but which is - in reality - very fast. Hyenas are noisy - and give voice to the most hair - raising howls ending in a maniacal laugh. They travel in packs. They give birth to pups which are jet black in colour.
	27 BUFFalO (Syncerus caffer) The Cape Buffalo (depicted) is distributed from the southern Sudan to South Africa. It is a large and powerful member of the ox tribe - and - by some hunters - is considered to be the most dangerous of animals to hunt. It lives in herds - and its preference is for swampy ground - though it often grazes on the drier plains. In South Africa the calves are born in the African summer -January to March - and - for some weeks after the birth - the mother separates from the herd and tends her calf - which she hides in long herbage. Often solitary old bulls - which have been banished from the herd by a master bull - are encountered.
	28 BARBARY SHEEP (Ammotragus lervia) This is the only true wild sheep found in Africa and its distribution is limited to the southern slopes of the Atlas Mountains - It is adept at concealment - its colour admirably matching its arid surroundings. Possibly its chief enemies are the wandering Arabs who use all its drinking places to water their own flocks and herds; and - had the Barbary Sheep been less epxert at concealing itself - it would no doubt have become extinct by now - The rams are distinguished by great fringes of hair which hang from neck and fore - legs. In the females the hair is much shorter. They are agile rock climbers.
	29 ZEBRA (Equusquagga granti) Zebras still roam the plains of Africa in large numbers. There are several species between which there is a marked difference in the pattern and arrangement of the stripes These stripes are a very effective camouflage when the animals are grazing on the grassy plains for they tend to break up the beast's contours. Zebras and wildebeest are the chief food of lions. No wonder then that they are such nervous creatures and will suddenly stampede for no apparent reason. This is especially so at their drinking places where enemies may lurk. The Zebra depicted is known as Grant's Zebra.
	30 BRINDLED GNU or WILDEBEEST (Connochaetes taurinus) A grotesque animal resembling a buffalo in front - and a horse behind - but which is really classed with the antelopes. It is an animal of the open plains of East Africa - and is often seen in large herds grazing in the company of zebras. In spite of its morose appearance it is capable of performing the most hilarious antics - rearing - bucking - leaping - and kicking in a most spirited manner - then suddenly lining up to face the intruder as if to charge - which they never do. Both sexes are horned. They are preyed upon by lions.
	31 COKE'S HARTEBEEST (Alcelaphus buselaphus cokii) Although the Hartebeest looks ungainly it is reputed to be the swiftest of the antelopes. Its melancholy long face is an indication of its sober disposition - and it does not indulge in the mad gambols and capers so characteristic of the gnu. It is the commonest species of hartebeest in East Africa - and is distributed widely on the open plains and scattered bush. When they graze they always place a sentry on some adjacent high ground. If danger is seen or sensed a snort from the sentry puts the whole herd to the gallop . It is called Kongoni in East Africa.
	32 GIRAFFE (Giraffa) This Strange and beautiful animal feeds solely on leaves and shoots of trees - chiefly acacia. It does not graze on grass or other ground herbage as its head cannot reach the ground when standing normally. When drinking it is forced to spread its fore - legs widely to enable its head to reach the water. Its tongue is long and its upper lip prehensile - both adaptations for tree grazing. Wherever the thorn acacia thrives giraffe may be found - especially in East Africa. They usually live in small herds of twenty or thirty. There are several species - each varying in the pattern of its marking. That shown is the reticulated giraffe.
	33 OKAPI (Okapiajohnsoni) Before 1901 this animal was unknown to science. It inhabits the deep forests of Central Africa - and is related to the giraffe. Like it - it is a leaf grazer. Okapis are timid - inoffensive animals - living either in pairs or alone. Secluded as they are in the deepest recesses of the forest little is known of their habits. Their peculiar colouring and markings are admirable camouflage in their dark homes. Only a few have appeared in zoos. The males have short stubby horns - the females none - thus differing from the giraffe in which both sexes are horned; and whereas the giraffe is almost mute the Okapi is said to have a cow - like call.
	34 BONGO (Boocercus isaaci) This large antelope is essentially a forest animal. Its rich red - white striped colouring helps to camouflage it - and its large ears enable it to pick up the slightest sounds. It is shy and nocturnal in its habits - and is normally solitary or in pairs. Both sexes have horns - those of the male being markedly larger than those of the female. The Bongo inhabits the dense forests of West - Central - and East Africa. Few Europeans have seen it - and only occasionally has it appeared in zoos.
	35 ELAND (Taurotragus) Eland are the largest of all the antelopes - an average sized bull measuring almost six feet at the shoulders. They are found in large herds in a wide variety of country from forest edge to semi - desert in East Africa. As well as being grass eaters they also browse on young leaves. They are timid and difficult to approach - being often accompanied by tick - birds - which give the alarm at the approach of an enemy. (Tick - birds search the hides of various African animals for parasites.) In spite of their size eland are speedy - and are surprisingly good jumpers Both sexes are horned.
	36 KUDU (Strepsiceros) A large and handsome antelope - and a coveted trophy of the hunter. Only the male is horned - and it is said that the longer the horns the more wary the animal. Kudu are partial to bush country and forested hill - country - and - in spite of their size and long horns - the males dash through dense woodland with ease - keeping their heads horizontal to the ground and their horns flat along their neck. They are found in pairs or in small parties - and their distribution extends through East Africa where country is suitable. That illustrated is the Greater Kudu; the Lesser Kudu is much smaller.
	37 SABLE ANTELOPE (Egocerus niger) The Sable Antelope is found across Africa south of the equator. The name 'sable' really refers to the old males of this handsome species. They alone are black. Young males are reddish - and the females are more rufous. Both males and females are horned. They inhabit country of scattered trees and bush - and are found in small herds They have the reputation of being very courageous - and will attack if sufficiently provoked. Their horns are deadly weapons - and an adult sable bull is considered a match for a lion.
	38 ORYX (Oryx beisa annectens) There are several species of oryx in Africa - the one depicted being the Beisa Oryx of East Africa. It is an animal of the dry bush and the semi - desert country. Oryx live in herds. Both sexes are horned - the males being quarrelsome and often indulging in fierce fights. The females have longer - thinner horns than the males - but in both they are very deadly weapons - especially against dogs - which poaching natives employ to hunt the oryx. Probably as a protection the skin on their necks and shoulders is nearly an inch thick.
	39 IMPalA (Aepycerus malampus) A graceful - agile antelope inhabiting serub - land and sandy plains near rivers Their presence is an indication that water is in the vicinity for they are seldom seen far from it. They are very Beet of foot - and amazing leapers. When a herd panics the animals leap in all directions - one over the other - this way and that - with little forward progression. When they are really going away they indulge in effortless bounds of twenty to thirty feet. Only the males are horned. Impala are found in South - East - and Central Africa.
	40 thOMSON'S GAZELLE (Gazella thomsoni) "Tommies" as they are called in Africa - are the commonest - as well as one of the handsomest - of the small antelopes. Hunters frequently describe seeing them in countless thousands on the plains of Kenya and Tanganyika. They graze on short grass. When the grass grows tall the Tommies move away to younger - shorter pastures - for tall grass will hide lurking enemies such as leopards and jackals. Like other gazelles they appear to glory in their agility - turning - twisting - and leaping when at play. Both sexes are horned.
	41 GRANT'S GAZELLE (Gazella granti) This handsome gazelle measures about three feet at the shoulders It is perhaps the most beautiful of the gazelles - especially the male which has slender graceful horns. It is found in parties (usually consisting of a male with a number of females) on the plains of East Africa - where it grazes and also browses on shrubs. The fawns - as soon as they are born - are hidden under a bush or a canopy of long grass - while its mother feeds near it. Grant's Gazelle has many enemies - hunting dogs and leopards probably being the most deadly.
	42 KLIPSPRINGER (Oreotragus) This little antelope measures only twenty - two inches at the shoulder. It inhabits rocky hills and outcrops - and is widely distributed through South and East Africa. It has hoofs which are adapted to its rocky home - and only the tips make contact with the ground. It can climb up almost vertical rock faces. In its often arid surroundings it appears to be able to do without water. The Klipspringer lives as a family - a male - a female and a fawn - and does not herd. It is covered with a peculiarly thick and brittle coat of which the hairs are hollow.
	43 HIPPOPOTAMUS (Hippopotamus) An adult male hippo weighs about 2 1/2 tons. It is entirely vegetarian in its diet - and spends the night feeding. Leaving its river home after dusk it often travels several miles for food. Being so heavy much damage is done to native crops for as much is trampled as is eaten. The daytime is spent almost completely submerged in a favourite pool or mud wallow - epxosing only the eyes and nostrils. It has a prodigious mouth and huge teeth - and can bite a crocodile completely in two. Usually it lives in herds - and is found in most of the rivers and lakes of West - Central and East Africa.
	44 ELEPHANT (Loxodonta africana) An adult male African Elephant may weigh six tons and measure eleven feet at the shoulder. In spite of its size it can move through bush and forest amazingly quietly. Elephants have acute senses of smell and hearing but their eyes are not so efficient. The trunk is a versatile fifth limb; it is a scenting organ - a hand for tearing away leaves and branches - a squirt for spraying water when bathing - and a duster for blowing sand over the body. The tusks are used as digging implements for obtaining roots in addition to being weapons of defence. Elephants are entirely vegetarian - and their tempers are unpredictable.
	45 BLACK RHINOCEROS (Diceros bicornis) There are two species of rhino in Africa - Black and White. Both are shades of grey - the chief difference lying in their anatomy. The Black is a nervous - even timid beast - uncertain in its temper and liable to charge any moving thing. It is a vegetarian - a browser of leaves and fruit - and usually inhabits open tree and bush country. For so heavy a beast it is Beet of foot. Its horns are not really horn but are consolidated hair - and are not attached to the bone of the skull but to the tough skin of the head. Rhinos rely on their senses of smell and hearing to give warning of approaching danger. They are also aided in this by the tick - birds which accompany them.
	46 WART HOG (Phacochoerus aethiopicus) This grotesque pig is widely distributed through East and Central Africa - and roams about in small family parties of sows and young - the boars preferring a more solitary existence. They live in holes which they invariably enter backwards so that the formidable tusked snout faces outwards. Only rarely will a Wart Hog attack (it has been known to charge) and usually Bees from man - galloping away with its tail held vertically. The young are born uniformly coloured and without the white stripes characteristic of the young of many wild swine.
	47 RED RIVER - HOG (Potamochoerus) If the Wart Hog is the most grotesque of pigs then the Red River - Hog is surely the most handsome. It lives in herds in the moist forests and swampy river banks of West Africa. Like other bush - pigs the Red River - Hog - with its strong elongated snout - is a forager of the forest Boor - rooting for .its food which may be roots - tubers - grubs and snails. It is nocturnal in its feeding. The female makes a deep nest of dry grass and leaves in which the young are born.
	48 AARDVARK (OrVeteeopus) The Boers of the Cape named this animal Aardvark which means "earth pig" - However this curious creature is no pig hut is in a class by itself in the animal kingdom - Aardvarks feed on the nests of ants and termites - their tremendously strong legs and claws enabling them to dig rapidly in even the hardest ground. They are nocturnal in their feeding - and by day they sleep in holes - excavated by themselves - at the base off ant-hills. They are not common hut their distribution extends from the Cape to Somaliland.
	49 NILE CROCODILE (Ceoeodylus niloticus) These fierce reptiles infest African rivers and lakes - but only the upper reaches of the Nile. They are flesh eaters and feed on fish - animals - and - too often - humans ; grabbing them at the water's edge and drowning them. They will also knock animals into the water with their immensely powerful tails. Crocodiles are fond of basking on sand-banks - usually with their mouths wide open. Females lay their eggs in the sand - covering them - and leaving them to be incubated by the sun's heat. When the young are ready to hatch - the nests are uncovered by the females.
	50 GIANT PANGOLIN (Manis giantea) "Scaly ant-eater" is another name for the Pangolin. Of the four species of African pangolin this is the largest. Several of these are arboreal in their habits - but the Giant Pangolin is a ground species and does not climb trees. It feeds on ants and termites - digging out their nests with its immensely strong front limbs. The ants exposed - it flicks out a very long - sticky - worm-like tongue to which the ants adhere and are swallowed. Ht sleeps in holes - curling up on its side - encircled by its tail for protection. When thus curled up no human is strong enough to uncurl it.
	Illustrated and described by C F Tunnicliffe

"Whack fast then whack slow"
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